Top 20 Robot Framework Interview Questions and Answers

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Robot Framework is a widely used open-source automation framework known for its simplicity, flexibility, and support for keyword-driven testing. It is popular in software testing and RPA due to its easy integration with various tools and libraries. In this blog, we will cover the top 20 interview questions on Robot Framework along with their answers to help you prepare for your next job interview.

Interview Questions on Robot Framework for Freshers 

Here is a list of common Robot Framework interview questions and answers for freshers: 

1. What is Robot Framework, and how does it differ from other automation frameworks?

Robot Framework is an open-source test automation framework supporting keyword-driven and behavior-driven testing. It is used for acceptance testing and robotic process automation (RPA).

Unlike Selenium, which is primarily for web automation, Robot Framework supports multiple libraries like SeleniumLibrary, AppiumLibrary, and DatabaseLibrary, making it more versatile.

2. What are test cases, test suites, and keywords in Robot Framework?

This is one of the most commonly asked Robot Framework questions.

• Test Case: A set of steps that validate a specific functionality.
• Test Suite: A collection of test cases grouped together.
• Keywords: Reusable components representing test steps.
  Robot Framework has built-in keywords, and users can define custom keywords using libraries like SeleniumLibrary or Python.

3. How do you install Robot Framework and run a simple test?

Make sure Python 3.8 or newer is installed. 

Install Robot Framework:

pip install robotframework

To install SeleniumLibrary for web testing:

pip install robotframework-seleniumlibrary

Create a test file test.robot:

*** Settings ***

Library    SeleniumLibrary

*** Test Cases ***

Open Browser Test

    Open Browser    https://example.com    Chrome

    Close Browser

Run the test using:

robot test.robot

4. What are the different types of libraries available in Robot Framework?

Robot Framework supports:

• Built-in Libraries (e.g., Collections, DateTime, String)
• External Libraries (e.g., SeleniumLibrary, DatabaseLibrary, AppiumLibrary)
• Custom Libraries (written in Python or Java for specific requirements)

Also Read - Top 35 Appium Interview Questions and Answers

5. How do you handle variables in Robot Framework?

Robot Framework supports:

• Scalar Variables: ${variable} (e.g., ${url} = https://example.com)
• List Variables: @{list_variable} (e.g., @{fruits} = apple banana mango)
• Dictionary Variables: &{dict_variable} (e.g., &{user} = name=John age=30)

Robot Framework Interview Questions for Experienced 

Let’s go through important Robot Framework interview questions for experienced:

6. How can you integrate Robot Framework with Selenium WebDriver for web testing?

Install SeleniumLibrary:

pip install robotframework-seleniumlibrary

Import the library in the test file:

*** Settings ***

Library    SeleniumLibrary

Make sure web drivers are up to date using:

pip install webdrivermanager

webdrivermanager chrome firefox –linkpath /usr/local/bin

Also Read - Top 25+ Java Questions for Selenium Interview

7. What are user-defined keywords, and how do they help in test automation?

User-defined keywords reduce redundancy and improve maintainability.

Example:

*** Keywords ***

Login To Application

    [Arguments]    ${username}    ${password}

    Input Text    id:username    ${username}

    Input Text    id:password    ${password}

    Click Button    id:login

8. How do you handle dynamic elements or changing locators in Robot Framework?

Use XPath functions like contains(), starts-with(), or normalize-space().

Example:

Click Element    xpath=//button[contains(text(),’Submit’)]

Use explicit waits:

Wait Until Element Is Visible    id:submit    timeout=10s

9. What are the different ways to execute test cases selectively in Robot Framework?

Run specific test cases using tags:

robot –include login_tests tests/

Use –test to run a specific test:

robot –test “Open Browser Test” test.robot

10. How can you generate and analyze Robot Framework test reports and logs?

Robot Framework generates reports and logs automatically in the output directory. 

Run:

robot test.robot

Reports (report.html) and logs (log.html) provide details about execution, failures, and errors.

Technical Interview Questions for Robot Framework

These are some important Robot Framework technical interview questions and answers: 

11. How does Robot Framework support data-driven testing, and how can you implement it?

Robot Framework supports data-driven testing using test templates and DataDriver Library.

Example:

*** Settings ***

Library    SeleniumLibrary

Test Template    Login Test

*** Test Cases ***

User Login Tests

    admin    password123

    user1    pass456

*** Keywords ***

Login Test

    [Arguments]    ${username}    ${password}

    Input Text    id:user    ${username}

    Input Text    id:pass    ${password}

    Click Button    id:login

12. What is the difference between Built-In, External, and Custom Libraries in Robot Framework?

• Built-In Libraries: Pre-installed libraries like Collections, String, DateTime, and OperatingSystem.
• External Libraries: Libraries that need to be installed separately, like SeleniumLibrary (for web testing), AppiumLibrary (for mobile testing), and DatabaseLibrary (for database testing).
• Custom Libraries: User-defined libraries written in Python or Java for specific automation needs. 

13. How do you use Setup and Teardown in Robot Framework?

Setup and Teardown help run pre- and post-test actions. 

Example:

*** Settings ***

Library    SeleniumLibrary

*** Test Cases ***

Test Case 1

    [Setup]    Open Browser    https://example.com    Chrome

    Do Something

    [Teardown]    Close Browser

Setup runs before the test, and Teardown executes after completion.

Python Robot Framework Interview Questions

Here is a list of common Robot Framework Python interview questions and answers: 

14. How can you write custom keywords in Python for Robot Framework?

This is one of the most important Robot Framework with Python interview questions.

Create a Python file custom_lib.py:

from robot.api.deco import keyword

class CustomLibrary:

    @keyword

    def print_message(self, message):

        print(message)

Import and use in Robot Framework:

*** Settings ***

Library    custom_lib.py

*** Test Cases ***

Test Custom Keyword

    Print Message    Hello from custom keyword

15. How do you import and use Python libraries in Robot Framework test scripts?

Use the Library keyword to import Python modules. 

Example:

*** Settings ***

Library    custom_lib.py

Library    Collections

Python functions inside the library file become accessible in test cases.

16. What is the purpose of the Run Keyword If statement in Robot Framework with Python?

Run Keyword If executes a keyword based on a condition. 

Example:

Run Keyword If  ${status} == “pass”  Log  Test Passed

For Python functions:

def check_status(status):

    if status == “pass”:

        print(“Test Passed”)

17. How do you handle exceptions and errors using Python in Robot Framework?

You might also come across interview questions on Robot Framework with Python like this one. 

Use Run Keyword And Ignore Error or try-except blocks in Python.

Example:

Run Keyword And Ignore Error    Click Element    id:submit

In Python:

try:

    element.click()

except Exception as e:

    print(“Error:”, str(e))

18. How can you pass arguments from Robot Framework to a Python function?

Define arguments in Python:

def greet(name):

    print(f”Hello, {name}”)

Call from Robot Framework:

Greet    John

Note: “Robot Framework interview questions Python” help testers understand automation concepts, scripting, and best practices.

Also Read - Top 75+ Python Interview Questions and Answers

Robotics and Automation Interview Questions

Let’s cover Robot Automation Framework interview questions and answers: 

19. What is the role of automation frameworks like Robot Framework in industrial robotics and RPA?

Robot Framework helps automate robotic process workflows, machine testing, and industrial control systems. It integrates with APIs, databases, and UI elements, making it useful for robotic arms, conveyor belt monitoring, and business process automation.

20. How does test automation help in validating robotic processes before deployment?

Test automation verifies robotic algorithms, UI interactions, and sensor data before deployment. It helps detect bugs, validate workflow execution, and run regression tests, reducing manual effort and increasing reliability in automation.

Wrapping Up

These 20 interview questions on Robot Framework will help you understand key concepts and prepare for job interviews with confidence. Looking for Robot Framework jobs in India? Visit Hirist, an online job portal where you can easily find the best tech jobs.